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SAE AIR5665 Revision B, February 1, 2013
(R) Architecture Framework for Unmanned Systems
Description / Abstract:
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes the
Architecture Framework for Unmanned Systems (AFUS). AFUS comprises
a Conceptual View, a Capabilities View, and an Interoperability
View. The Conceptual View provides definitions and background for
key terms and concepts used in the unmanned systems domain. The
Capabilities View uses terms and concepts from the Conceptual View
to describe capabilities of unmanned systems and of other entities
in the unmanned systems domain. The Interoperability View provides
guidance on how to design and develop systems in a way that
supports interoperability.
Purpose
The purpose of this Aerospace Information Report is to communicate to the unmanned systems community a common set of principles, terms, concepts, patterns, structures, and guidance for creating system architectures that include or interact with unmanned systems.
Overview
The approach of the Unmanned Systems Committee to the generation of the Architecture Framework for Unmanned Systems has evolved over the history of the Framework. From initially approaching the Framework with the intent to identify individual capabilities, needed immediately, the committee now approaches the Framework with the intent of addressing the Unmanned System as a whole. As Unmanned Systems gain acceptance, the focus of the Framework has moved from individual systems to systems of systems. Finally, as the abilities of Unmanned Systems grow, it has been necessary to ensure that the capabilities described herein are supportive of more autonomous systems, while still enabling the teleoperated systems.
Autonomy is an emergent property of this Framework. For an unmanned system to be autonomous, it takes multiple characteristics of this Framework for the system to be somewhat self-aware and to complete its task/mission without human intervention. Autonomy is key and critical to the future of unmanned systems as end users desire systems that permit them to perform other tasks while still making the major decisions of the task/mission. There is a need for a single operator (human) to control multiple unmanned systems. For example in port security, multiple ground and surface vehicles may work together monitoring a port or ship, only needing a single security person to make the final decision as to what action to take when a security anomaly is detected.
Expanding markets for unmanned systems are demanding increased autonomy characteristics. The AS-4 committee recognizes this fact and continues to include the necessary characteristics in this Architecture Framework.
Field of Application
Fields of application of AFUS include unmanned systems of all classes, command and control (C2) systems, and related areas such as communications, safety, security, sensors, manipulators, and simulation.
How to Use
This Architecture Framework has several uses:
• to provide background information on unmanned systems to a variety of readers;
• to provide a common vocabulary for understanding standards, specifications, and designs for unmanned systems;
• to provide a common set of semantics for the vocabulary;
• to provide a base set of behaviors common in unmanned systems;
• to provide guidelines for developing systems that are interoperable; and
• to provide a set of capabilities from which unmanned systems requirements can be derived.
AFUS is intended to serve as a companion document to other Specifications published by AS-4. As such, it gives additional and supporting information to system procurers and specifiers, designers, program managers, standards writers, and other readers that require a more thorough understanding of the Specifications.
Acknowledgements
Development of this report was supported in part by U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center contract W31P4Q-05-A-0031/0008.
Purpose
The purpose of this Aerospace Information Report is to communicate to the unmanned systems community a common set of principles, terms, concepts, patterns, structures, and guidance for creating system architectures that include or interact with unmanned systems.
Overview
The approach of the Unmanned Systems Committee to the generation of the Architecture Framework for Unmanned Systems has evolved over the history of the Framework. From initially approaching the Framework with the intent to identify individual capabilities, needed immediately, the committee now approaches the Framework with the intent of addressing the Unmanned System as a whole. As Unmanned Systems gain acceptance, the focus of the Framework has moved from individual systems to systems of systems. Finally, as the abilities of Unmanned Systems grow, it has been necessary to ensure that the capabilities described herein are supportive of more autonomous systems, while still enabling the teleoperated systems.
Autonomy is an emergent property of this Framework. For an unmanned system to be autonomous, it takes multiple characteristics of this Framework for the system to be somewhat self-aware and to complete its task/mission without human intervention. Autonomy is key and critical to the future of unmanned systems as end users desire systems that permit them to perform other tasks while still making the major decisions of the task/mission. There is a need for a single operator (human) to control multiple unmanned systems. For example in port security, multiple ground and surface vehicles may work together monitoring a port or ship, only needing a single security person to make the final decision as to what action to take when a security anomaly is detected.
Expanding markets for unmanned systems are demanding increased autonomy characteristics. The AS-4 committee recognizes this fact and continues to include the necessary characteristics in this Architecture Framework.
Field of Application
Fields of application of AFUS include unmanned systems of all classes, command and control (C2) systems, and related areas such as communications, safety, security, sensors, manipulators, and simulation.
How to Use
This Architecture Framework has several uses:
• to provide background information on unmanned systems to a variety of readers;
• to provide a common vocabulary for understanding standards, specifications, and designs for unmanned systems;
• to provide a common set of semantics for the vocabulary;
• to provide a base set of behaviors common in unmanned systems;
• to provide guidelines for developing systems that are interoperable; and
• to provide a set of capabilities from which unmanned systems requirements can be derived.
AFUS is intended to serve as a companion document to other Specifications published by AS-4. As such, it gives additional and supporting information to system procurers and specifiers, designers, program managers, standards writers, and other readers that require a more thorough understanding of the Specifications.
Acknowledgements
Development of this report was supported in part by U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center contract W31P4Q-05-A-0031/0008.
SAE AIR5665 Revision B, February 1, 2013
(R) Architecture Framework for Unmanned Systems