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SAE J1460 2013 Edition, February 1, 2013
Human Mechanical Response Characteristics
Description / Abstract:
While this report does not include a discussion of all of the
available data defining human response or address all body are for
those areas addressed it does utilize references generally judged
by those in the field to be practical and meaningful guidelines for
the development of human surrogates. This report is intended to be
a "living" document that will be updated periodically.
A number of problems need to be addressed in defining human impact response characteristics. There is the problem of human response variability from subject to subject in volunteer tests. There is the problem of extrapolating such volunteer data which are obtained at low impact severities to higher impact severities using human cadaver response data obtained at injurious levels of impacts. Live animal experiments have been conducted over the years in an attempt to define human impact response and tolerance. The problem with using animal response data is the lack of geometric scaling techniques needed to interpret the data relative to the human size and shape. The last problem area is that the human form is not of unique size and proportion. There are significant geometric differences between and among adults and children and between males and females. The available literature dictates that treatment of this topic be constrained essentially to guidelines for average adult male responses, with the exception that thoracic response has also been quantified for 5th percentile female and 95 th percentile male adults.
The scope of this first-generation report will be limited to discussions of the response characteristics of the head, face, neck, and thorax. While there are many additional regions of the body for which mechanical response characteristics have been quantified to some degree, only these four categories are addressed in this first-generation document. This limitation facilitated the issuance of this document. Moreover, these areas are thought to be of primary interest to expected readers. It is intended that any new data enabling more comprehensive treatments of the above topics be utilized in future updates of the report. Furthermore, additional body areas such as the abdomen and knee-thigh-hip complex are to be addressed.
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to provide a first-generation version of a standardized SAE document to define human mechanical response characteristics. It is intended for use by anthropomorphic test dummy designers and analytical modelers who need quantitative definitions of human mechanical behavior. This report describes how the human being responds to mechanical stimuli. It does not discuss criteria for assessing human injury potential. Human injury criteria are the subject of a separate SAE Information Report entitled, HS J885 APR80, "Human Tolerance to Impact Conditions as Related to Motor Vehicle Desgin."
A number of problems need to be addressed in defining human impact response characteristics. There is the problem of human response variability from subject to subject in volunteer tests. There is the problem of extrapolating such volunteer data which are obtained at low impact severities to higher impact severities using human cadaver response data obtained at injurious levels of impacts. Live animal experiments have been conducted over the years in an attempt to define human impact response and tolerance. The problem with using animal response data is the lack of geometric scaling techniques needed to interpret the data relative to the human size and shape. The last problem area is that the human form is not of unique size and proportion. There are significant geometric differences between and among adults and children and between males and females. The available literature dictates that treatment of this topic be constrained essentially to guidelines for average adult male responses, with the exception that thoracic response has also been quantified for 5th percentile female and 95 th percentile male adults.
The scope of this first-generation report will be limited to discussions of the response characteristics of the head, face, neck, and thorax. While there are many additional regions of the body for which mechanical response characteristics have been quantified to some degree, only these four categories are addressed in this first-generation document. This limitation facilitated the issuance of this document. Moreover, these areas are thought to be of primary interest to expected readers. It is intended that any new data enabling more comprehensive treatments of the above topics be utilized in future updates of the report. Furthermore, additional body areas such as the abdomen and knee-thigh-hip complex are to be addressed.
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to provide a first-generation version of a standardized SAE document to define human mechanical response characteristics. It is intended for use by anthropomorphic test dummy designers and analytical modelers who need quantitative definitions of human mechanical behavior. This report describes how the human being responds to mechanical stimuli. It does not discuss criteria for assessing human injury potential. Human injury criteria are the subject of a separate SAE Information Report entitled, HS J885 APR80, "Human Tolerance to Impact Conditions as Related to Motor Vehicle Desgin."
SAE J1460 2013 Edition, February 1, 2013
Human Mechanical Response Characteristics